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1 | /* | ||
2 | * Copyright (C) 2007-2011 Xagasoft, All rights reserved. | ||
3 | * | ||
4 | * This file is part of the libbu++ library and is released under the | ||
5 | * terms of the license contained in the file LICENSE. | ||
6 | */ | ||
7 | |||
8 | #ifndef BU_BITSTRING_H | ||
9 | #define BU_BITSTRING_H | ||
10 | |||
11 | #include "bu/util.h" | ||
12 | #include "bu/string.h" | ||
13 | |||
14 | namespace Bu | ||
15 | { | ||
16 | /** | ||
17 | * Manages an arbitrarily sized string of bits, and allows basic interaction | ||
18 | * with them. This includes basic non-mathematical bitwise operations such | ||
19 | * as setting and testing bits, shifting the string, inversion and a few | ||
20 | * extras like randomization. On linux systems this takes advantage of long | ||
21 | * longs giving you a maximum size of about 2tb per string. | ||
22 | * | ||
23 | * For more general and mathematical type interaction see BitStringInt. | ||
24 | * | ||
25 | */ | ||
26 | class BitString | ||
27 | { | ||
28 | public: | ||
29 | /** | ||
30 | * Constructs a blank and basic BitString. This is actually useful | ||
31 | * since you can resize BitStrings at will, and even retain the data | ||
32 | * that was in them. | ||
33 | */ | ||
34 | BitString(); | ||
35 | |||
36 | /** | ||
37 | * Constructs a BitString object as a copy of another BitString. This | ||
38 | * is a standard copy constructor and produces an exact duplicate of | ||
39 | * the original BitString object. | ||
40 | *@param xSrc Source BitString to copy data from. | ||
41 | */ | ||
42 | BitString( const BitString &xSrc ); | ||
43 | |||
44 | /** | ||
45 | * Constructs a BitString with length iBits and optionally fills it with | ||
46 | * random data. The default setting, to not fill randomly, will produce | ||
47 | * a blank (all zeros) string of the specified size. | ||
48 | *@param iBits The length of the new BitString in bits. | ||
49 | *@param bFillRandomly Wether or not to randomize this BitString. | ||
50 | */ | ||
51 | BitString( long iBits, bool bFillRandomly=false ); | ||
52 | |||
53 | /** | ||
54 | * Virtual deconstructor for the BitString. Takes care of cleanup for | ||
55 | * you. What more do you really want to know? | ||
56 | */ | ||
57 | virtual ~BitString(); | ||
58 | |||
59 | // basic interaction | ||
60 | /** | ||
61 | * Sets a bit in the BitString. In it's normal mode it will always turn | ||
62 | * the given bit on, to clear a bit set bBitState to false instead of | ||
63 | * true. This operation runs in O(1). | ||
64 | *@param iBit The zero-based index of the bit to modify. | ||
65 | *@param bBitState Set to true to set the bit to 1, set to false to set | ||
66 | * the bit to 0. | ||
67 | */ | ||
68 | void setBit( long iBit, bool bBitState=true ); | ||
69 | |||
70 | /** | ||
71 | * Reverses the state of the given bit. This will set the given bit | ||
72 | * to a 1 if it was 0, and to 0 if it was 1. This operation runs in | ||
73 | * O(1), and it should be noted that using this is marginally faster | ||
74 | * than doing the test and flip yourself with getBit and setBit since | ||
75 | * it uses a bitwise not operation and doesn't actually test the bit | ||
76 | * itself. | ||
77 | *@param iBit The index of the bit to flip. | ||
78 | */ | ||
79 | void flipBit( long iBit ); | ||
80 | |||
81 | /** | ||
82 | * Gets the state of the given bit. This follows the standard | ||
83 | * convention used so far, a returned value of true means the bit in | ||
84 | * question is 1, and a value of flase means the bit is 0. All bits | ||
85 | * out of range of the BitString are treated as off, but are | ||
86 | * "accessable" in that this does not produce any kind of error | ||
87 | * message. This is intentional. This operation runs in O(1). | ||
88 | *@param iBit The index of the bit to test. | ||
89 | *@returns True for a 1, false for a 0. | ||
90 | */ | ||
91 | bool getBit( long iBit ); | ||
92 | |||
93 | /** | ||
94 | * Inverts the entire BitString, in effect this calls flipBit on every | ||
95 | * bit in the string but is faster since it can operate on whole bytes | ||
96 | * at a time instead of individual bits. This operation runs in O(N). | ||
97 | */ | ||
98 | void invert(); | ||
99 | |||
100 | /** | ||
101 | * Returns the number of bits allocated in this BitString. This | ||
102 | * operation runs in O(1) time since this value is cached and not | ||
103 | * computed. | ||
104 | *@returns The number of bits allocated in this BitString. | ||
105 | */ | ||
106 | DEPRECATED | ||
107 | long getBitLength(); | ||
108 | |||
109 | long getSize(); | ||
110 | |||
111 | /** | ||
112 | * Sets the entire BitString to zeros, but it does it very quickly. | ||
113 | * This operation runs in O(N). | ||
114 | */ | ||
115 | void clear(); | ||
116 | |||
117 | /** | ||
118 | * Gets another BitString that is autonomous of the current one | ||
119 | * (contains a copy of the memory, not a pointer) and contains a subset | ||
120 | * of the data in the current BitString. This is an inclusive | ||
121 | * operation, so grabbing bits 0-5 will give you 6 bits. This is based | ||
122 | * on a very tricky bit-shifting algorithm and runs very quickly, in | ||
123 | * O(N) time. Passing in a value of zero for iUpper, or any value for | ||
124 | * iUpper that is less than iLower will set iUpper equal to the number | ||
125 | * of bits in the BitString. | ||
126 | *@param iLower The first bit in the current string, will be the first | ||
127 | * bit (0 index) in the new sub string. | ||
128 | *@param iUpper The last bit in the current string, will be the last | ||
129 | * bit in the new sub string. iUpper is included in the sub string. | ||
130 | *@returns A new BitString object ready to be used. Please note that | ||
131 | * managing this new object is up to whomever calls this function. | ||
132 | */ | ||
133 | class BitString getSubString( long iLower, long iUpper ); | ||
134 | |||
135 | /** | ||
136 | * Sets the number of bits in the BitString, allocating more memory if | ||
137 | * necesarry, or freeing extra if able. The default operation of this | ||
138 | * function clears all data in the BitString while resizing it. If you | ||
139 | * would like to keep as much of the data that you had in your BitString | ||
140 | * as possible, then set bClear to false, and any data that will fit | ||
141 | * into the new BitString length will be retained. If increasing the | ||
142 | * number of bits, the new bits will come into existance cleared (set | ||
143 | * to 0). | ||
144 | *@param iLength The number of bits to set the BitString to. | ||
145 | *@param bClear When true, all data is eradicated and zeroed, when set | ||
146 | * to false an effort is made to retain the existing data. | ||
147 | *@returns true on success, false on failure. | ||
148 | */ | ||
149 | DEPRECATED | ||
150 | bool setBitLength( long iLength, bool bClear=true ); | ||
151 | bool setSize( long iLength, bool bClear=true ); | ||
152 | |||
153 | /** | ||
154 | * Randomize the entire BitString, one bit at a time. This is actually | ||
155 | * the function called by the constructor when the user selects initial | ||
156 | * randomization. This function uses the system random() function, so | ||
157 | * srandom may be used to effect this process at will. | ||
158 | */ | ||
159 | void randomize(); | ||
160 | |||
161 | /** | ||
162 | * Operates exactly like <<. All data in the BitString is shifted to | ||
163 | * the left by some number of bits, any data pushed off the edge of the | ||
164 | * BitString is lost, and all new data coming in will be zeroed. | ||
165 | * Using a negative value in the shiftLeft function will turn it into | ||
166 | * the shiftRight function. | ||
167 | *@param iAmt The number of bit positions to shift all data. | ||
168 | */ | ||
169 | void shiftLeft( long iAmt ); // just like << | ||
170 | |||
171 | /** | ||
172 | * Operates exactly like >>. All data in the BitString is shifted to | ||
173 | * the right by some number of bits, any data pushed off the edge of the | ||
174 | * BitString is lost, and all new data coming in will be zeroed. | ||
175 | * Using a negative value in the shiftRight function will turn it into | ||
176 | * the shiftLeft function. | ||
177 | *@param iAmt The number of bit positions to shift all data. | ||
178 | */ | ||
179 | void shiftRight( long iAmt ); // just like >> | ||
180 | |||
181 | /** | ||
182 | * Searches through the BitString and returns the index of the highest | ||
183 | * order bit position (the highest index) with an on bit (a bit set to | ||
184 | * 1). This is a handy helper function and rather faster than calling | ||
185 | * getBit() over and over again. | ||
186 | *@returns The index of the highest indexed on bit. | ||
187 | */ | ||
188 | long getHighestOrderBitPos(); | ||
189 | |||
190 | // Conversion | ||
191 | /** | ||
192 | * Convert a block of data (no more than 32 bits) to a primitive long | ||
193 | * type. | ||
194 | * This is done in a little bit interesting way, so it may not always be | ||
195 | * the fastest way to access the data that you want, although it will | ||
196 | * always ensure that the long that is written makes numerical sense, as | ||
197 | * we write numbers, regaurdless of platform. | ||
198 | *@param iStart The first bit in the BitString to include in the long | ||
199 | *@param iSize THe number of bits to include, if this value is set over | ||
200 | * 32 it will be automatically truncated to, or however many bits there | ||
201 | * are in a long in your system. | ||
202 | *@returns A long converted from your raw BitString data. | ||
203 | */ | ||
204 | long toLong( long iStart = 0, long iSize = 32 ); | ||
205 | |||
206 | Bu::String toString(); | ||
207 | |||
208 | //operators | ||
209 | BitString &operator=( const BitString &xSrc ); | ||
210 | BitString operator~(); | ||
211 | BitString operator<<( const long iAmt ); | ||
212 | BitString operator>>( const long iAmt ); | ||
213 | |||
214 | private: | ||
215 | void fixup(); | ||
216 | void setMask(); | ||
217 | unsigned char *caData; | ||
218 | long iBits; | ||
219 | long iBytes; | ||
220 | unsigned char cTopByteMask; | ||
221 | }; | ||
222 | }; | ||
223 | |||
224 | #endif | ||