Added BitString, it was used in a few projects. It needs a few functions to

be corrected, they were using standard library features, that shouldn't be hard
to fix though.

2 files changed, 691 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/bitstring.cpp b/src/bitstring.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d99992
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bitstring.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,440 @@
+#include "bitstring.h"
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define random() rand()
+#endif
+
+#define bitsToBytes( nBits ) (((nBits/8)+((nBits%8)?(1):(0))));
+
+Bu::BitString::BitString()
+{
+        caData = NULL;
+        cTopByteMask = 0;
+        nBits = nBytes = 0;
+}
+
+Bu::BitString::BitString( const Bu::BitString &xSrc )
+{
+        nBits = xSrc.nBits;
+        nBytes = xSrc.nBytes;
+        cTopByteMask = xSrc.cTopByteMask;
+        caData = new unsigned char[nBytes];
+        memcpy( caData, xSrc.caData, nBytes );
+
+        fixup();
+}
+
+Bu::BitString::BitString( long nNewBits, bool bFillRandomly )
+{
+        long j;
+        nBits = nNewBits;
+        nBytes = bitsToBytes( nNewBits );//(nNewBits/8)+((nNewBits%8)?(1):(0));
+        caData = new unsigned char[nBytes];
+
+        // This can either mean that there are a multiple of eight bits or zero, if there are zero you're an idiot
+        // (zero can't happen, because we would allocate an extra byte and never use it)
+        if( (nBits%8 == 0) )
+        {
+                cTopByteMask = 0xFF;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+                cTopByteMask = 0;
+                for( j = 0; j < (nBits%8); j++ )
+                {
+                        cTopByteMask |= (1<<j);
+                }
+        }
+
+        if( bFillRandomly )
+        {
+                // rand() only returns a value up to RAND_MAX (0x7FFF on my system) so I'll just use the low order byte)
+                for( j = 0; j < nBytes; j++ )
+                {
+                        caData[j] = (unsigned char)(random() & 0xFF);
+                }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+                clearString();
+        }
+
+        fixup();
+}
+
+Bu::BitString::~BitString()
+{
+        if( caData != NULL ) delete[] caData;
+}
+
+Bu::BitString &Bu::BitString::operator=( const Bu::BitString &xSrc )
+{
+        if( caData != NULL )
+        {
+                delete[] caData;
+        }
+        nBits = xSrc.nBits;
+        nBytes = xSrc.nBytes;
+        cTopByteMask = xSrc.cTopByteMask;
+        caData = new unsigned char[nBytes];
+        memcpy( caData, xSrc.caData, nBytes );
+
+        fixup();
+
+        return *this;
+}
+
+Bu::BitString Bu::BitString::operator~()
+{
+        Bu::BitString xRet( *this );
+
+        for( int j = 0; j < xRet.nBytes; j++ )
+        {
+                xRet.caData[j] = ~xRet.caData[j];
+        }
+
+        xRet.fixup();
+
+        return xRet;
+}
+
+Bu::BitString Bu::BitString::operator<<( const long nAmt )
+{
+        if( nAmt == 0 )
+        {
+                return (*this);
+        }
+        //int nByteShift = nAmt/8;
+
+        Bu::BitString xSub( getBitLength() );
+
+        long shft = (nAmt%8);
+        long base = (nAmt/8);
+        unsigned char lowmask=0;
+        for( long j = 0; j < 8-shft; j++ )
+        {
+                lowmask |= (1<<j);
+        }
+        for( long j = 0; j < xSub.nBytes; j++ )
+        {
+                xSub.caData[base+j] = ((caData[j]>>shft)&(lowmask)) | ((caData[j+1]<<(8-shft))&(~lowmask));
+        }
+        xSub.fixup();
+
+        return xSub;
+}
+
+Bu::BitString Bu::BitString::operator>>( const long nAmt )
+{
+        if( nAmt == 0 )
+        {
+                return (*this);
+        }
+        return (*this);
+}
+
+void Bu::BitString::shiftLeft( long nAmt )
+{
+        if( nAmt == 0 )
+        {
+                return;
+        }
+        else if( nAmt < 0 )
+        {
+                shiftRight( -nAmt );
+                return;
+        }
+
+        long nByteShift = nAmt/8;
+        long nBitShift = nAmt%8;
+
+        long j;
+        for( j = nBytes-1; j >= 0; j-- )
+        {
+                caData[j] = (((j-nByteShift)<0)?(0):((caData[j-nByteShift]<<nBitShift))) | (((j-nByteShift-1)<0)?(0):((caData[j-nByteShift-1]>>(8-nBitShift))));
+        }
+
+        fixup();
+}
+
+void Bu::BitString::shiftRight( long nAmt )
+{
+        if( nAmt == 0 )
+        {
+                return;
+        }
+        else if( nAmt < 0 )
+        {
+                shiftLeft( -nAmt );
+                return;
+        }
+
+        long nByteShift = nAmt/8;
+        long nBitShift = nAmt%8;
+
+        long j;
+        for( j = 0; j < nBytes; j++ )
+        {
+                caData[j] = (((j+nByteShift)>nBytes)?(0):((caData[j+nByteShift]>>nBitShift))) | (((j+nByteShift+1)>nBytes)?(0):((caData[j+nByteShift+1]<<(8-nBitShift))));
+        }
+
+        fixup();
+}
+/*
+long Bu::BitString::bitsToBytes( long nBits )
+{
+        return (nBits/8)+((nBits%8)?(1):(0));
+}
+*/
+void Bu::BitString::fixup()
+{
+        if( caData != NULL )
+        {
+                caData[nBytes-1] &= cTopByteMask;
+        }
+}
+
+void Bu::BitString::setBit( long nBit, bool bBitState )
+{
+        if( bBitState )
+        {
+                caData[nBit/8] |= (1<<(nBit%8));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+                caData[nBit/8] &= ~(1<<(nBit%8));
+        }
+}
+
+void Bu::BitString::flipBit( long nBit )
+{
+        caData[nBit/8] ^= (1<<(nBit%8));
+}
+
+bool Bu::BitString::getBit( long nBit )
+{
+        if( nBit >= nBits || nBit < 0 ) return false;
+        if( (caData[nBit/8] & (1<<(nBit%8))) == 0 )
+        {
+                return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+}
+
+long Bu::BitString::getBitLength()
+{
+        return nBits;
+}
+
+class Bu::BitString Bu::BitString::getSubString( long nLower, long nUpper )
+{
+        if( nUpper == 0 || nUpper < nLower ) nUpper = nBits;
+
+        Bu::BitString xSub( nUpper-nLower+1 );
+
+        long shft = (nLower%8);
+        long base = (nLower/8);
+        unsigned char lowmask=0;
+        for( long j = 0; j < 8-shft; j++ )
+        {
+                lowmask |= (1<<j);
+        }
+        for( long j = 0; j < xSub.nBytes; j++ )
+        {
+                xSub.caData[j] = ((caData[base+j]>>shft)&(lowmask)) | ((caData[base+j+1]<<(8-shft))&(~lowmask));
+        }
+        xSub.fixup();
+
+        return xSub;
+}
+
+long Bu::BitString::toLong( long nStart, long nSize )
+{
+        if( nSize < 1 ) nSize = 1;
+        if( nSize > 32 ) nSize = 32;
+        if( nStart < 0 ) return 0;
+        if( nStart+nSize > getBitLength() ) return 0;
+
+        Bu::BitString tmpo;
+        tmpo = getSubString( nStart, nStart+nSize-1 );
+        long x = *((long *)tmpo.caData);
+
+        return x;
+}
+/*
+std::string Bu::BitString::toString( bool bAddSpacers )
+{
+        long nSz = nBits;
+        if( bAddSpacers )
+        {
+                nSz += (nBits/8);
+                if( nBits%8 == 0 ) nSz--;
+        }
+        std::string xStr;
+
+        int bw=0;
+        int of=0;
+        for( int j = nBits-1; j >= 0; j-- )
+        {
+                if( getBit( j ) )
+                {
+                        xStr += '1';
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                        xStr += '0';
+                }
+
+                if( bAddSpacers )
+                {
+                        bw++;
+                        if( bw >= 8 && j < nBits-1 )
+                        {
+                                bw = 0;
+                                of++;
+                                xStr += ' ';
+                        }
+                }
+        }
+
+        return xStr;
+}
+*/
+void Bu::BitString::clearString()
+{
+        if( caData != NULL )
+        {
+                memset( caData, 0, nBytes );
+        }
+}
+
+bool Bu::BitString::setBitLength( long nLength, bool bClear )
+{
+        if( nBits != nLength )
+        {
+                if( bClear || caData == NULL )
+                {
+                        //long j;
+                        nBits = nLength;
+                        nBytes = bitsToBytes( nLength );//(nNewBits/8)+((nNewBits%8)?(1):(0));
+                        if( caData != NULL ) delete[] caData;
+                        caData = new unsigned char[nBytes];
+                        memset( caData, 0, nBytes );
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                        //long j;
+                        nBits = nLength;
+                        long nNewBytes = bitsToBytes( nLength );//(nNewBits/8)+((nNewBits%8)?(1):(0));
+                        unsigned char *tmp = caData;
+                        caData = new unsigned char[nBytes];
+                        if( nNewBytes < nBytes )
+                        {
+                                memcpy( caData, tmp, nNewBytes );
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                                memcpy( caData, tmp, nBytes );
+                        }
+                        delete[] tmp;
+                        nBytes = nNewBytes;
+                }
+
+                // This can either mean that there are a multiple of eight bits or zero, if there are zero you're an idiot
+                // (zero can't happen, because we would allocate an extra byte and never use it)
+                if( (nBits%8 == 0) )
+                {
+                        cTopByteMask = 0xFF;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                        cTopByteMask = 0;
+                        for( long j = 0; j < (nBits%8); j++ )
+                        {
+                                cTopByteMask |= (1<<j);
+                        }
+                }
+        }
+        else if( bClear )
+        {
+                clearString();
+        }
+
+        return true;
+}
+
+void Bu::BitString::randomize()
+{
+        if( caData != NULL )
+        {
+                for( int j = 0; j < nBytes; j++ )
+                {
+                        caData[j] = (unsigned char)(random() & 0xFF);
+                }
+                fixup();
+        }
+}
+
+void Bu::BitString::invert()
+{
+        if( caData != NULL )
+        {
+                for( long j = 0; j < nBytes; j++ )
+                {
+                        caData[j] = ~caData[j];
+                }
+                fixup();
+        }
+}
+
+long Bu::BitString::getHighestOrderBitPos()
+{
+        for( long j = nBits-1; j >= 0; j-- )
+        {
+                if( getBit( j ) )
+                {
+                        return j;
+                }
+        }
+
+        return -1;
+}
+/*
+bool Bu::BitString::writeToFile( FILE *fh )
+{
+        fwrite( &nBits, sizeof(long), 1, fh );
+        fwrite( caData, sizeof(char), nBytes, fh );
+        
+        return true;
+}
+
+bool Bu::BitString::readFromFile( FILE *fh )
+{
+        fread( &nBits, sizeof(long), 1, fh );
+        
+        nBytes = bitsToBytes( nBits );
+        if( caData ) delete[] caData;
+        caData = new unsigned char[nBytes];
+
+        fread( caData, sizeof(char), nBytes, fh );
+
+        if( (nBits%8 == 0) )
+        {
+                cTopByteMask = 0xFF;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+                cTopByteMask = 0;
+                for( int j = 0; j < (nBits%8); j++ )
+                {
+                        cTopByteMask |= (1<<j);
+                }
+        }
+        
+        fixup();
+
+        return true;
+}*/
diff --git a/src/bitstring.h b/src/bitstring.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8052691
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bitstring.h
@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+#ifndef BU_BITSTRING_H
+#define BU_BITSTRING_H
+
+namespace Bu
+{
+        /**
+         * Manages an arbitrarily sized string of bits, and allows basic interaction
+         * with them.  This includes basic non-mathematical bitwise operations such
+         * as setting and testing bits, shifting the string, inversion and a few
+         * extras like randomization.  On linux systems this takes advantage of long
+         * longs giving you a maximum size of about 2tb per string.
+         *
+         * For more general and mathematical type interaction see BitStringInt.
+         * 
+         *@author Mike Buland
+         */
+        class BitString
+        {
+        public:
+                /**
+                 * Constructs a blank and basic BitString.  This is actually useful since
+                 * you can resize BitStrings at will, and even retain the data that was
+                 * in them.
+                 */
+                BitString();
+
+                /**
+                 * Constructs a BitString object as a copy of another BitString.  This is
+                 * a standard copy constructor and produces an exact duplicate of the
+                 * original BitString object.
+                 *@param xSrc Source BitString to copy data from.
+                 */
+                BitString( const BitString &xSrc );
+
+                /**
+                 * Constructs a BitString with length nBits and optionally fills it with
+                 * random data.  The default setting, to not fill randomly, will produce
+                 * a blank (all zeros) string of the specified size.
+                 *@param nBits The length of the new BitString in bits.
+                 *@param bFillRandomly Wether or not to randomize this BitString.
+                 */
+                BitString( long nBits, bool bFillRandomly=false );
+
+                /**
+                 * Virtual deconstructor for the BitString.  Takes care of cleanup for you.
+                 * What more do you really want to know?
+                 */
+                virtual ~BitString();
+
+                // basic interaction
+                /**
+                 * Sets a bit in the BitString.  In it's normal mode it will always turn
+                 * the given bit on, to clear a bit set bBitState to false instead of
+                 * true.  This operation runs in O(1).
+                 *@param nBit The zero-based index of the bit to modify.
+                 *@param bBitState Set to true to set the bit to 1, set to false to set
+                 * the bit to 0.
+                 */
+                void setBit( long nBit, bool bBitState=true );
+
+                /**
+                 * Reverses the state of the given bit.  This will set the given bit to a
+                 * 1 if it was 0, and to 0 if it was 1.  This operation runs in O(1), and
+                 * it should be noted that using this is marginally faster than doing the
+                 * test and flip yourself with getBit and setBit since it uses a bitwise
+                 * not operation and doesn't actually test the bit itself.
+                 *@param nBit The index of the bit to flip.
+                 */
+                void flipBit( long nBit );
+
+                /**
+                 * Gets the state of the given bit.  This follows the standard convention
+                 * used so far, a returned value of true means the bit in question is 1,
+                 * and a value of flase means the bit is 0.  All bits out of range of the
+                 * BitString are treated as off, but are "accessable" in that this does not
+                 * produce any kind of error message.  This is intentional.  This operation
+                 * runs in O(1).
+                 *@param nBit The index of the bit to test.
+                 *@returns True for a 1, false for a 0.
+                 */
+                bool getBit( long nBit );
+
+                /**
+                 * Inverts the entire BitString, in effect this calls flipBit on every bit
+                 * in the string but is faster since it can operate on whole bytes at a
+                 * time instead of individual bits.  This operation runs in O(N).
+                 */
+                void invert();
+
+                /**
+                 * Returns the number of bits allocated in this BitString.  This operation
+                 * runs in O(N) time since this value is cached and not computed.
+                 *@returns The number of bits allocated in this BitString.
+                 */
+                long getBitLength();
+
+                /**
+                 * Sets the entire BitString to zeros, but it does it very quickly.  This
+                 * operation runs in O(N).
+                 */
+                void clearString();
+
+                /**
+                 * Gets another BitString that is autonomous of the current one (contains
+                 * a copy of the memory, not a pointer) and contains a subset of the data
+                 * in the current BitString.  This is an inclusive operation, so grabbing
+                 * bits 0-5 will give you 6 bits.  This is based on a very tricky
+                 * bit-shifting algorithm and runs very quickly, in O(N) time.
+                 * Passing in a value of zero for nUpper, or any value for nUpper that is
+                 * less than nLower will set nUpper equal to the number of bits in the
+                 * BitString.
+                 *@param nLower The first bit in the current string, will be the first bit
+                 * (0 index) in the new sub string.
+                 *@param nUpper The last bit in the current string, will be the last bit in
+                 * the new sub string.  nUpper is included in the sub string.
+                 *@returns A new BitString object ready to be used.  Please note that
+                 * managing this new object is up to whomever calls this function.
+                 */
+                class BitString getSubString( long nLower, long nUpper );
+
+                /**
+                 * Sets the number of bits in the BitString, allocating more memory if
+                 * necesarry, or freeing extra if able.  The default operation of this
+                 * function clears all data in the BitString while resizing it.  If you
+                 * would like to keep as much of the data that you had in your BitString
+                 * as possible, then set bClear to false, and any data that will fit into
+                 * the new BitString length will be retained.  If increasing the number of
+                 * bits, the new bits will come into existance cleared (set to 0).
+                 *@param nLength The number of bits to set the BitString to.
+                 *@param bClear When true, all data is eradicated and zeroed, when set to
+                 * false an effort is made to retain the existing data.
+                 *@returns true on success, false on failure.
+                 */
+                bool setBitLength( long nLength, bool bClear=true );
+
+                /**
+                 * Randomize the entire BitString, one bit at a time.  This is actually
+                 * the function called by the constructor when the user selects initial
+                 * randomization.  This function uses the system random() function, so
+                 * srandom may be used to effect this process at will.
+                 */
+                void randomize();
+
+                /**
+                 * Operates exactly like <<.  All data in the BitString is shifted to
+                 * the left by some number of bits, any data pushed off the edge of the
+                 * BitString is lost, and all new data coming in will be zeroed.
+                 * Using a negative value in the shiftLeft function will turn it into the
+                 * shiftRight function.
+                 *@param nAmt The number of bit positions to shift all data.
+                 */
+                void shiftLeft( long nAmt ); // just like <<
+
+                /**
+                 * Operates exactly like >>.  All data in the BitString is shifted to
+                 * the right by some number of bits, any data pushed off the edge of the
+                 * BitString is lost, and all new data coming in will be zeroed.
+                 * Using a negative value in the shiftRight function will turn it into the
+                 * shiftLeft function.
+                 *@param nAmt The number of bit positions to shift all data.
+                 */
+                void shiftRight( long nAmt ); // just like >>
+
+                /**
+                 * Searches through the BitString and returns the index of the highest
+                 * order bit position (the highest index) with an on bit (a bit set to 1).
+                 * This is a handy helper function and rather faster than calling getBit()
+                 * over and over again.
+                 *@returns The index of the highest indexed on bit.
+                 */
+                long getHighestOrderBitPos();
+
+                // Conversion
+                /**
+                 * Convert a block of data (no more than 32 bits) to a primitive long type.
+                 * This is done in a little bit interesting way, so it may not always be
+                 * the fastest way to access the data that you want, although it will
+                 * always ensure that the long that is written makes numerical sense, as
+                 * we write numbers, regaurdless of platform.
+                 *@param nStart The first bit in the BitString to include in the long
+                 *@param nSize THe number of bits to include, if this value is set over
+                 * 32 it will be automatically truncated to, or however many bits there
+                 * are in a long in your system.
+                 *@returns A long converted from your raw BitString data.
+                 */
+                long toLong( long nStart = 0, long nSize = 32 );
+
+                /**
+                 * Converts the data into a human-readable SString object.  SString is
+                 * used to make transport of the string and management very simple.  Since
+                 * BitStrings will generally be longer than your average strip of ints a
+                 * faculty is included and turned on by default that will insert spacers
+                 * into the output text every 8 places.  For debugging work, this is
+                 * definately reccomended.
+                 *@param bAddSpacers Leave set to true in order to have the output broken
+                 * into logical groupings of 8 bits per block.  Set to off to have a harder
+                 * to read solid block of bits.
+                 *@returns A SString object containing the produced string.
+                 */
+                //std::string toString( bool bAddSpacers = true );
+
+                // Utility
+                /**
+                 * Converts the given number of bits into the smallest allocatable unit,
+                 * which is bytes in C and on most systems nowadays.  This is the minimum
+                 * number of bytes needed to contain the given number of bits, so there is
+                 * generally some slop if they are not evenly divisible.
+                 *@param nBits The number of bits you wish to use.
+                 *@returns The number of bytes you will need to contain the given number
+                 * of bits.
+                 */
+                //static long bitsToBytes( long nBits );
+
+                /**
+                 * Writes all data in the BitString, including a small header block
+                 * describing the number of bits in the BitString to the file described
+                 * by the given file descriptor.  The data writen is purely sequential and
+                 * probably not too easy to read by other mechanisms, although the
+                 * readFromFile function should always be able to do it.  This function
+                 * does not open nor close the file pointed to by fh.
+                 *@param fh The file descriptor of the file to write the data to.
+                 *@returns true if the operation completed without error, false otherwise.
+                 */
+                //bool writeToFile( FILE *fh );
+
+                /**
+                 * Reads data formatted by writeToFile and clears out any data that may
+                 * have been in the BitString.  This function preserves nothing in the
+                 * original BitString that it may be replacing.  This function does not
+                 * open nor close the file pointed to by fh.
+                 *@param fh The file descriptor to try to read the data from.
+                 *@returns true if the operation completed without error, false otherwise.
+                 */
+                //bool readFromFile( FILE *fh );
+
+                //operators
+                BitString &operator=( const BitString &xSrc );
+                BitString operator~();
+                BitString operator<<( const long nAmt );
+                BitString operator>>( const long nAmt );
+
+        private:
+                void fixup();
+                unsigned char *caData;
+                long nBits;
+                long nBytes;
+                unsigned char cTopByteMask;
+        };
+};
+
+#endif